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class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="闪存" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">闪存</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/b925b8/" class="nav-link">如何高效阅读嵌入式项目代码</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/28ec23/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/62bf40/" class="nav-link">ARM 处理器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1a9374/" class="nav-link">嵌入式基础知识-存储器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/aac5e3/" class="nav-link">闪存存储和制造技术概述</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/8f6056/" class="nav-link">芯片IO驱动力</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d146b8/" class="nav-link">主流先进封装技术介绍</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/16f0ba/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash基础</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/90d8d0/" class="nav-link">基于PA算法的FTL引导</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/eb672b/" class="nav-link">SD逻辑擦除和物理擦除</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/747121/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash的SDR、ONFI、DDR接口</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1eb351/" class="nav-link">【详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d2512a/" class="nav-link">【两万字详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="面经" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">面经</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d69946/" class="nav-link">虎牙C++技术面经</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/29251d/" class="nav-link">金山一面复习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/c7c01f/" class="nav-link">完美世界秋招 C++ 游戏开发面经(Cpp部分)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="其它" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">其它</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/fa256e/" class="nav-link">博客搭建</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/335531/" class="nav-link">网站收藏箱</a></li></ul></div></div> <!----></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>电子嵌入式通信协议</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>深入浅出SSD</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>文件系统</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>汇编语言</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>STM32</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/pages/fab2d7/" class="sidebar-link">51单片机和STM32区别</a></li><li><a href="/pages/a93427/" class="sidebar-link">片上POR和BOR的区别</a></li><li><a href="/pages/ab86db/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">MMC和eMMC的区别</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_1-mmc" class="sidebar-link">1. MMC</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_1-1-外观及引脚定义" class="sidebar-link">1.1 外观及引脚定义</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_2-emmc" class="sidebar-link">2.  eMMC</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_3-emmc-和-nandflash-的区别和联系" class="sidebar-link">3. emmc 和 Nandflash 的区别和联系</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_3-1-简化系统存储设计-降低开发复杂度" class="sidebar-link">3.1 简化系统存储设计，降低开发复杂度</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_3-2-更新速度快" class="sidebar-link">3.2 更新速度快</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_3-3-读写性能更好" class="sidebar-link">3.3 读写性能更好</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_4-emmc-与-sd卡-有什么不同" class="sidebar-link">4. eMMC 与 SD卡 有什么不同？</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_4-1-sd卡-的外观及引脚定义" class="sidebar-link">4.1 SD卡 的外观及引脚定义</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_5-emmc-在手机上通常如何实现数据读写操作" class="sidebar-link">5. eMMC 在手机上通常如何实现数据读写操作？</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_5-1-数据读写流程" class="sidebar-link">5.1 数据读写流程</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level3"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_5-2-性能优化和保护机制" class="sidebar-link">5.2 性能优化和保护机制</a></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/ab86db/#_6-为什么-emmc-适合嵌入式系统使用而不是普通-mmc" class="sidebar-link">6. 为什么 eMMC 适合嵌入式系统使用而不是普通 MMC？</a></li></ul></li></ul></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>嵌入式软件开发</span></li><li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>STM32</span></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><div title="作者" class="author iconfont icon-touxiang" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>霜晨月</a></div> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2025-07-09</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><img src="">MMC和eMMC的区别<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><h1 id="mmc-和-emmc-的区别"><a href="#mmc-和-emmc-的区别" class="header-anchor">#</a> MMC 和 eMMC 的区别</h1> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.7ax2rfaq3r.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <h2 id="_1-mmc"><a href="#_1-mmc" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1. MMC</h2> <p>MMC（MultiMediaCard）是一种接口协议，定义了符合这一接口的内存器，称为 MMC 储存体或 MMC 卡。它是一种非易失性存储器件，广泛应用于消费类电子产品中。</p> <h3 id="_1-1-外观及引脚定义"><a href="#_1-1-外观及引脚定义" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1.1 外观及引脚定义</h3> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.77dgtq283z.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <ul><li>MMC卡共有七个触电（引脚），分为两种操作模式，分别为 MMC 模式与 SPI 模式。</li> <li>尺寸：<code>(24mm*32mm*1.4mm)</code></li> <li>操作电压：2.7V ~ 3.6V</li> <li>MMC卡 时钟频率是 20MHz，比 SD卡 少两个触电，只有1位数据带宽，所以最大传输速率为2.5MB/s。</li></ul> <h2 id="_2-emmc"><a href="#_2-emmc" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2.  eMMC</h2> <p>eMMC（Embedded MultiMedia Card）是 MMC 的一个扩展，专为嵌入式系统设计，主要用于手机或平板电脑等产品。eMMC 在封装中集成了一个控制器，提供标准接口并管理闪存，简化了终端产品存储器的设计。它由一个嵌入式存储解决方案组成，包括 MMC 接口、快闪存储器设备及主控制器，所有组件都在一个小型的 BGA 封装中。eMMC 的接口速度可以达到每秒400MB，具有快速、可升级的性能。</p> <p>总结来说，MMC 是一种接口协议，而 eMMC 是基于该协议的嵌入式存储解决方案，包含了控制器和封装，适用于嵌入式系统中的存储需求。</p> <h2 id="_3-emmc-和-nandflash-的区别和联系"><a href="#_3-emmc-和-nandflash-的区别和联系" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3. emmc 和 Nandflash 的区别和联系</h2> <p>eMMC 是将 Nand Flash 和 Flash Controller 和 eMMC 接口等封装在一起的小型的存储系统。也就是说 eMMC 当中包含 NandFlash。</p> <p>eMMC 将不同的 NandFlash 进行了统一的封装，留给我们开发者的是 eMMC 协议 和 eMMC 接口。</p> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.73tuvznq4i.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <p>这样做的好处是：</p> <h3 id="_3-1-简化系统存储设计-降低开发复杂度"><a href="#_3-1-简化系统存储设计-降低开发复杂度" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.1 简化系统存储设计，降低开发复杂度</h3> <p>在以前，每次 NAND 技术换代的时候，手机客户端也要重新设计，手机制造商需要选择新的与 NAND flash 匹配的 soc 芯片，而 soc 厂商一般要针对这款 NAND flash，重新设计 soc 芯片（主要是内部的 nand flash ccontroller)，这种方式十分麻烦。</p> <p>在推出 emmc 后，soc 厂商只需要在芯片上加上一个可以与 MMC标准通信的控制器（一般叫做 sdmmc controller/sd controller)，这个控制器可以支持某种/某几种 eMMC 标准。同时 eMMC 芯片封装好 NAND flash，向外也提供一个统一的 eMMC 接口 (如 eMMC 4.3/4.4)，此时只要给 soc 芯片选定好一个 eMMC 接口，连上二者即可通信了。</p> <p>以前需要双方都进行更换芯片设计，现在只需要 eMMC 卡进行更换即可。</p> <h3 id="_3-2-更新速度快"><a href="#_3-2-更新速度快" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.2 更新速度快</h3> <p>随着 Nand Flash 制程工艺的不断升级，主控的 Flash Controller 和 FTL 也需要不停的更新，才能支持新的 Nand Flash。</p> <p>而 eMMC 将 Flash Controller 和 Nand Flash 封装在了一起，屏蔽了由于 Nand Flash 制程工艺而带来的差异，主控的 controller 和 driver 不需要做过多修改就能支持。</p> <h3 id="_3-3-读写性能更好"><a href="#_3-3-读写性能更好" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3.3 读写性能更好</h3> <p>eMMC 在 Nand Flash 的基础上，加入了 Cache、Memory array 等技术，大大提高了读写速度。</p> <h2 id="_4-emmc-与-sd卡-有什么不同"><a href="#_4-emmc-与-sd卡-有什么不同" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4. eMMC 与 SD卡 有什么不同？</h2> <p>eMMC（Embedded MultiMediaCard）和 SD卡（Secure Digital Card）都是基于 NAND 闪存技术的存储解决方案，但它们在设计、性能、应用和封装等方面有所不同。</p> <p>以下是 eMMC 与 SD 卡的对比：</p> <table><thead><tr><th>对比维度</th> <th>eMMC</th> <th>SD卡</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>构造</td> <td>嵌入式存储设备，集成在单个芯片中</td> <td>外部存储设备，通过卡槽和卡套安装</td></tr> <tr><td>性能</td> <td>通常比 SD卡 更快，因为不需通过额外的通信层</td> <td>速度低于 eMMC，受限于卡套和卡槽通信</td></tr> <tr><td>应用领域</td> <td>主要用于移动设备和嵌入式系统</td> <td>广泛用于数码相机、智能手机、平板电脑等消费电子产品</td></tr> <tr><td>安全性</td> <td>不支持加密技术</td> <td>采用加密技术保护数据安全</td></tr> <tr><td>成本</td> <td>通常比 SD卡 低，因为不需要额外的卡槽和卡套</td> <td>成本相对较高</td></tr> <tr><td>封装类型</td> <td>BGA 封装，焊接在主板上</td> <td>通常为 TF卡 或 SD卡 形式，便于插入和移除</td></tr> <tr><td>接口</td> <td>专用的 eMMC接 口</td> <td>通过 SDIO 接口或 SPI 模式通信</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>根据上述对比，eMMC 通常提供更好的性能和更低的成本，适合作为嵌入式系统的内部存储解决方案。而 SD卡 则因其便携性和通用性，适用于需要外部存储的多种消费电子产品。在选择两者时，应考虑具体的应用场景和性能需求。</p> <h3 id="_4-1-sd卡-的外观及引脚定义"><a href="#_4-1-sd卡-的外观及引脚定义" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4.1 SD卡 的外观及引脚定义</h3> <p>SD卡 为 Secure Digital Memory Card, 即安全数码卡，是一种基于半导体快闪记忆器的新一代记忆设备。它在 MMC 的基础上发展而来，增加了两个主要特色：SD卡 强调数据的安全，可以设定所储存的使用权限，防止数据被他人复制;另外一个特色就是传输速度比 2.11 版的 MMC卡 快。</p> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/xiaose-code/picx-images-hosting@master/jianrong/image.6bgze9ml5r.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p> <ul><li><p>两个可选的通信协议：SD 模式和 SPI 模式</p></li> <li><p>可变时钟频率：0－25 MHz</p></li> <li><p>通信电压范围：2.0-3.6V</p></li> <li><p>工作电压范围：2.0-3.6V</p></li> <li><p>低电压消耗：自动断电及自动睡醒，智能电源管理</p></li> <li><p>数据寿命：10万次编程/擦除</p></li> <li><p>尺寸：24mm宽×32mm长×1.44mm厚</p></li> <li><p>正向兼容 MMC 卡</p></li> <li><p>卡片带电插拔保护</p></li> <li><p>具备写保护开关</p></li> <li><p>SD卡 运行在 25MHz 的时钟频率上，数据带宽是4位，因此最大传输速率是12.5MB/s（12.5兆字节每秒）。</p></li></ul> <h2 id="_5-emmc-在手机上通常如何实现数据读写操作"><a href="#_5-emmc-在手机上通常如何实现数据读写操作" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5. eMMC 在手机上通常如何实现数据读写操作？</h2> <p>eMMC（Embedded MultiMediaCard）在手机上实现数据读写操作的过程涉及多个步骤和协议。</p> <h3 id="_5-1-数据读写流程"><a href="#_5-1-数据读写流程" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5.1 数据读写流程</h3> <ol><li><strong>初始化和配置</strong>：手机的操作系统通过发送一系列命令来初始化 eMMC 设备，并配置必要的参数，如分配存储空间和设置工作模式。</li> <li><strong>数据传输</strong>：数据传输是以 block 为单位进行的，每个 block 后面跟随一个 CRC（循环冗余检查）校验。无论是读取还是写入操作，都允许单个或多个 block 的传输。对于多 block 传输，会在传输结束时发送一个停止命令（CMD12）。</li> <li><strong>读取操作</strong>：手机通过发送读取命令（CMD17 或 CMD18）指定要读取的 block 地址和数量。eMMC 设备响应后，按照指定的顺序发送数据块，并附加相应的 CRC 校验结果。</li> <li><strong>写入操作</strong>：手机发送写入命令（CMD24 或 CMD25）指定要写入的 block 地址和数据。eMMC 设备在接收到数据后执行 CRC 校验，并在校验成功后进行数据写入。写入完成后，eMMC 设备通过总线空闲信号（Busy signal）告知手机可以继续发送下一个 block 的数据。</li> <li><strong>错误处理</strong>：在数据传输过程中，如果发生错误，eMMC 设备会通过特定的响应命令通知手机。手机根据响应信息决定是否重试或采取其他措施。</li></ol> <h3 id="_5-2-性能优化和保护机制"><a href="#_5-2-性能优化和保护机制" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5.2 性能优化和保护机制</h3> <ul><li>eMMC 技术内置了 Flash Controller，负责完成擦写均衡、坏块管理和 ECC 校验等功能，提高了数据的可靠性和存储效率。</li> <li>高速的 eMMC5.1 标准允许实现高达 400MB/s 的顺序读取速度和 200MB/s 的顺序写入速度，这对于提高手机的数据处理速度至关重要。</li> <li>eMMC 还支持高级错误校验与修正技术，以及可靠性增强功能，如硬件写保护和闪存控制器保护，确保数据的安全性和稳定性。</li></ul> <p>这些操作和机制共同确保了 eMMC 在手机上能够高效、稳定地处理数据读写任务。</p> <h2 id="_6-为什么-emmc-适合嵌入式系统使用而不是普通-mmc"><a href="#_6-为什么-emmc-适合嵌入式系统使用而不是普通-mmc" class="header-anchor">#</a> 6. 为什么 eMMC 适合嵌入式系统使用而不是普通 MMC？</h2> <p>eMMC（Embedded MultiMediaCard）是专门为嵌入式系统设计的存储解决方案，相比于普通的 MMC（MultiMediaCard），eMMC 具有以下优点，使其更适合嵌入式系统的使用：</p> <ol><li><strong>集成度高</strong>：eMMC 将存储器芯片和控制器芯片集成在一起，形成单一的芯片，这种设计可以减小整体尺寸，提高集成度，降低成本。</li> <li><strong>专用接口</strong>：eMMC 使用标准 MMC 接口，这种接口专为嵌入式系统设计，可以提供稳定的数据传输和更好的电源管理。</li> <li><strong>性能优化</strong>：eMMC 内置了 ECC（Error Correction Code）和数据备份功能，这些技术提高了数据的可靠性，并且相对于普通 MMC，eMMC 的读写速度更快，尽管略逊于独立的 Flash 存储器，但对于嵌入式系统而言已经足够使用。</li> <li><strong>定制化分区</strong>：eMMC 支持特定的分区设计，如B OOT 分区和 RPMB（Replay Protected Memory Block）分区，这些分区有助于提高系统的启动效率和数据安全性。</li> <li><strong>功耗管理</strong>：eMMC 设计时考虑了低功耗的需求，适合用于移动设备和嵌入式系统，其功耗可能相对较低，有助于延长电池寿命。</li> <li><strong>成本效益</strong>：由于标准化生产和大规模流通，eMMC 的成本相对较低，适合大规模部署在消费电子和工业嵌入式系统中。</li></ol> <p>综上所述，eMMC 的高集成度、专用接口、性能优化、定制化分区、功耗管理和成本效益使其成为嵌入式系统的理想选择。普通 MMC 由于缺乏这些特性，通常不适用于对性能和集成度有较高要求的嵌入式系统。</p></div></div> <!----> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <!----></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><div class="page-nav-centre-wrap"><a href="/pages/a93427/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-prev"><div class="tooltip">片上POR和BOR的区别</div></a> <!----></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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